Medically Reviewed by Hugh L. Willcox, III, MD, FACS

Dr. Hugh Willcox, McLeod General Surgeon with Pee Dee Surgical Group, explains the ins and outs of robotic-assisted surgery and its growing role in modern healthcare in this Q&A.

Question: What exactly does “robotic-assisted surgery” mean?

Answer from Dr. Hugh Willcox: Robotic-assisted surgery is a technique used to perform complex procedures through very small incisions. It combines the benefits of traditional open surgery, where the surgeon uses their hands and vision, with the advantages of minimally invasive techniques. It’s important to clarify that when people hear “robotic-assisted surgery,” they may think the robot operates autonomously without the surgeon’s involvement. However, that’s not the case. The robotic arms are fully controlled by the surgeon at all times.

Q: What are some of the key benefits of robotic-assisted surgery?

A: One of the primary benefits of robotic-assisted surgery is the ability to perform complex procedures through small incisions. Similar to how our wrists can rotate in multiple directions, the robotic arms offer greater flexibility compared to traditional laparoscopic surgery, which has more limited range of motion. Additionally, the robot also provides a 3D image, which enhances the precision of the surgery, whereas standard techniques typically use a 2D view.

Q: What types of conditions can be treated using robotic-assisted surgery?

A: Robotic-assisted surgery is becoming increasingly versatile and is used to treat a wide range of conditions. For instance, it’s highly effective for various types of hernias, such as inguinal hernias (in the groin), umbilical hernias, and hiatal hernias. It is also commonly used in colon surgeries, particularly for patients with colon cancer, as well as surgeries for stomach cancers.

Q: How has recovery time improved with the use of robotic-assisted surgery?

A: One of the major benefits of robotic-assisted surgery is the significantly improved recovery time. For example, in a colon cancer surgery, where a large incision would traditionally be made, we can now perform the procedure with just four small incisions and perhaps a slightly larger one to remove the specimen. As a result, patients typically experience a much faster recovery. What used to be a five to seven-day hospital stay is now often reduced to just two to four days with this type of surgery.

Q: With technology evolving so rapidly, will robotic-assisted surgery continue to evolve? And how do you stay up-to-date with these advancements?

A: Robotic-assisted surgery will continue to evolve, as is the case with all areas of medicine. There are constant technological and research advancements, so staying informed is crucial. Today’s resident training includes robotic-assisted surgery, which ensures the next generation of surgeons stay abreast of these ever-evolving techniques. Providers stay knowledgeable through continuing medical education and regular updates from the companies that develop these robotic systems.